Historic collage showing early banking scenes, vintage currency, buildings, and people illustrating Bank of America’s timeline history.

Celebrating America’s 250th anniversary

 

As the United States of America approaches its 250th anniversary, Bank of America is proud to celebrate. We also reflect on the role our company has played in helping customers, clients, markets and communities through key moments in American history. As America developed, we have had the privilege to help it grow.

 

"As our country has grown and prospered, we've focused on serving the people and communities behind that progress by asking a simple question: What would you like the power to do? From the nation's founders to today's families, leaders, businesses and communities — the answers to that question have helped shaped America's prosperity, security, innovation and freedom."

 

— CEO Brian Moynihan

First banking house in Massachusetts

Reflecting on America’s history at 250

Chair and CEO Brian Moynihan shares his perspective on how our longstanding focus on serving people and communities, guided by the question “What would you like the power to do?” has helped support America’s growth.
Rendering of Theodore Roosevelt Presidential Library

Theodore Roosevelt Presidential Library partnership

Through a $5 million founding gift, we are supporting the development of the library and its inaugural exhibitions, including TR’s White House and a featured photography collection by Pulitzer Prize-winning photographer David Hume Kennerly.
Historic portrait of Theodore Roosevelt

Smithsonian’s National Portrait Gallery sponsorship

Through the Bank of America Art Conservation Project™, we are helping to assess and conserve 110 historic presidential portraits — preserving the history of the leaders who defined our nation for generations to come.

Explore some of the moments that reflect how our company’s proud efforts in service to people and communities have played a role supporting American growth and opportunity throughout history.

1750-1800

1784

The Massachusetts Bank

 

Founded in 1784, The Massachusetts Bank — our earliest legacy institution and the nation’s second privately owned chartered commercial bank — expanded access to global trade and helped build the early U.S. financial system. Our financing of trade and shipping in the 1790s strengthened commerce and supported early national growth.

Massachusetts Bank First Deposit
Massachusetts Bank First Deposit
First banking house in Massachusetts

1800-1850

1814

Bank of Metropolis

 

Bank of Metropolis helped finance the reconstruction of Washington, D.C., during and after the War of 1812, contributing to national recovery and earning formal federal recognition for essential wartime service.

Bank of Metropolis first building
Bank of Metropolis five dollar currency
1817

The State Bank of Albany

 

The State Bank of Albany helped finance the Erie Canal, while other legacy institutions funded early railroad development in New York, connecting Midwest communities with East Coast markets and fueling national economic expansion.

Utica Schenectedy Rail Road Company
Stock certificate for the Erie Canal Transportation Company

Albany Institute of History & Art

Boatmen’s Building
1847

Boatmen’s Savings Bank

 

Boatmen’s Savings Bank was founded in St. Louis, supporting emerging frontier communities and strengthening economic opportunity by serving steamboat workers and other laborers during America’s westward expansion.

Boatmen’s Saving Bank Ad

1850-1900

1853

U.S. Trust Company of New York

 

U.S. Trust Company of New York became the first trust company in the U.S., creating a new category of financial services for affluent clients while supporting economic growth in major markets.

US Trust - 40 Wall Street Office
Illustration of a US Trust building
1857

Merchants Savings Loan and Trust (Chicago)

 

Merchants Savings Loan and Trust helped stabilize currency practices in Illinois and supported Chicago’s rapid rise as a national rail hub.

Merchants Savings Loan and Trust Building
Merchants Savings Bank stock certificate
1860s

U.S. Trust helping establish a national currency

 

U.S. Trust played a key role in helping lead adoption of the unified U.S. currency under the National Currency Act of 1863, strengthening trust in the financial system.

Treasury nomination signed by Abraham Lincoln
Illustration of the U.S. Sub‑Treasury building on Wall Street
Chicago fire
1871

Chicago fire response

 

Following the Great Chicago Fire, legacy Merchant Savings, Loan and Trust Company and other local institutions that would later become Continental Illinois helped stabilize the city’s financial district and supported economic recovery.

1874

Commercial National Bank of Charlotte

 

Commercial National Bank supported the region’s textile industry and helped build the early foundation for the financial institution that would become today’s Bank of America.

Commercial National Bank currency
Commercial National Building
1887

Citizens & Southern Bank

 

Citizens & Southern helped drive economic growth across the Southeast by supporting Savannah’s expanding port economy and regional commerce.

Citizens & Southern Bank Original Savannah Headquarters
Grover Cleveland Letter
1890s

Support during the Panic of 1893

 

In the aftermath of the Panic of 1893, President Grover Cleveland commended U.S. Trust’s role in stabilizing markets and restoring national confidence.

1900-1950

1904

Bank of Italy

 

Founded by A.P. Giannini to expand access to banking for all, Bank of Italy pioneered modern consumer banking.

Bank of Italy All People Ad
Bank of Italy advertisement titled ‘Everywhere‑ness
1906

San Francisco earthquake response

 

After the San Francisco earthquake, Bank of Italy immediately began lending to help rebuild the city, becoming one of the first banks to reopen and restore financial stability.

San Francisco earthquake
1910s

Opportunity for women

 

Women began to take on pioneering roles at FleetBoston and Merrill Lynch’s Annie Grimes became Wall Street’s first bond saleswoman, marking a significant expansion of opportunity for women in financial services.

Black-and-white portrait of Annie Grimes
Industrial Trust women
1914

Merrill Lynch

 

Charles E. Merrill & Co. was founded in New York City, helping more Americans participate in the growing world of investing.

Charles E. Merrill
1917

First National Bank of Boston in Argentina

 

Expansion into Argentina supported the wool trade, fueling American industrial growth and deepening international commercial ties.

First National Bank of Boston in Argentina
1920s

Employee sports teams

 

Employee athletic clubs, including golf and team sports at FleetBoston and Continental Illinois, respectively, fostered community and engagement across offices.

FleetBoston and Continental Illinois sports teams
BofA Hollywood Star
1920s

Hollywood financing

 

Bank of Italy financed the film industry from its beginnings, as this new sector drove innovation in both storytelling and technology.

1921

Women’s banking department

 

Bank of Italy created one of the nation’s first women-run banking departments, expanding professional and financial opportunities for women.

Bank of Italy Women
1930

Bank of America renaming

 

Bank of Italy formally became Bank of America, reinforcing our focus on serving individuals, families and businesses across the nation.

Bank of America Announcement
1931

London office opens

 

Following international expansion momentum that began after World War I, Bank of America extended our global reach by opening our first London office, strengthening international trade and the U.S.’s growing role as a global financial leader.

Bank of America London
1932

Golden Gate Bridge financing

 

Bank of America financed the construction of the Golden Gate Bridge, transforming regional mobility, trade and economic development.

Golden Gate Bridge newspaper clipping
1930s

Combatting the Great Depression

 

Throughout the 1930s, we supported businesses and households with credit and transaction services, helping stabilize the economy during the financial crisis.

Bank of America Ad
1935

FDR thanks Bank of America

 

President Franklin D. Roosevelt expressed appreciation for Bank of America’s support during the Great Depression, recognizing our role in keeping credit flowing and communities working.

FDR Letter
Bank of America motion pictures ad
1930s

Fueling expansion of the film industry

 

Building on the support our legacy institutions provided to Hollywood’s early film industry, Bank of America helped finance landmark productions like Walt Disney’s Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, the first full-length animated feature film.

1940s

World War II support

 

During World War II, Bank of America supported wartime financing and recovery efforts, helping sustain economic stability through the conflict.

Bank of America Bonds Ad
Bank of America advertisement featuring illustrated buildings and the slogan
Group of people in uniform at Bank of America National Association, Camp Beale Facility
1946

Post-war Southern economy

 

Citizens & Southern invested heavily in the South’s post-war economy, financing expanding industries, suburban growth and critical infrastructure.

Citizens & Southern Ad
Bank of America Japan
1947

Japan office opens

 

Bank of America opened Japan’s first post-war U.S. bank office, helping local industries rebuild and reconnect to global markets.

1947

Operations begin in Brazil

 

Bank of America expanded into Brazil, strengthening trade and supporting growing economic partnerships across the Americas.

Bank of America Brazil

1950-2000

1951

Mexico office opens

 

Bank of America opened an office in Mexico, supporting national economic development and cross-border trade.

Bank of America Mexico
Bank of America print advertisement
1952

Entry into India

 

Bank of America established operations in India, helping advance the country’s economic development and modernization efforts.

Bank of America India ad
Bank of America Mumbai
1953

Expansion into France

 

Bank of America opened operations in France to support Europe’s ongoing post-war reconstruction.

Bank of America France ad
Bank of America secure financial transaction ad
Bank of America Paris
1955

Financing Disneyland

 

Bank of America financed the construction of Disneyland in Anaheim, Calif., which opens with a fully functioning Bank of America financial center on Main Street.

Bank of America Disneyland Branch
Bank of America Disneyland Branch
1955

ERMA innovation

 

Bank of America developed ERMA (Electronic Recording Machine, Accounting), a pioneering computing system that transformed check processing and signaled the vast potential of modern digital banking.

Bank of America advertisement titled ‘ERMA’ featuring an illustrated machine
Welcome to ERMA’ training illustration featuring a cartoon ERMA figure
Bank of America’s ERMA Ad
Bank of America’s ERMA Ad
1958

BankAmericard introduced

 

Bank of America introduced BankAmericard, the first modern credit card with revolving credit, transforming how consumers managed credit globally and laying the groundwork for broader access to modern financial services.

BankAmericard Ad
BankAmericard Ad
BankAmericard Ad
1959

Hong Kong office opens

 

Bank of America opened a Hong Kong office, expanding our presence in Asia and supporting regional trade and growth.

Bank of America Hong Kong
Bank of America staff in Hong Kong office
1960s

Secure travel transactions

 

Bank of America introduced secure financial transaction services for travelers, enhancing convenience and building trust for global commerce.

Bank of America secure financial transaction ad
Bank of America international travelers check advertisement for Mexico
Bank of America international travelers check advertisement for Japan
1969

First ATM introduced

 

Bank of America launched its first ATM, transforming how customers accessed their money and pioneering modern self-service banking.

Bank of America ATM Ad
Bank of America ATM
1972

Middle East headquarters established

 

Merrill Lynch established a Middle East headquarters in the newly formed United Arab Emirates, supporting financial development across the region.

Bank of America Middle East
1983

HomeBanking launched

 

Bank of America launched HomeBanking, pioneering early digital banking and laying the groundwork for today’s online financial platforms.

HomeBanking Ad
1988

NCNB acquires First Republic Bank

 

NCNB’s acquisition of First Republic Bank of Dallas expanded the Charlotte-based company’s national presence and influence.

NCNB’s acquisition of First Republic
1994

Bank of America debuts online

 

Bank of America’s launch on the World Wide Web marked the beginning of modern online banking.

Bank of America’s site
It's called Bank of America Ad
1998

NationsBank & BankAmerica merger

 

The merger of Charlotte-based NationsBank and San Francisco’s BankAmerica created the first coast-to- coast U.S. bank.

Bank of American volunteers

2000 - PRESENT

Bank of America mobile banking app
2008

Mobile banking launch

 

Bank of America launched our mobile banking app, transforming everyday financial access and convenience.

Bank of America Erica®
2018

Erica launch

 

Bank of America debuts Erica®, the first widely adopted AI-driven virtual assistant, deepening relationships with clients and driving greater efficiencies.